Do I must use couchbase://?

Here you can find how actually schema handled in PHP and all other libraries which use libcouchbase under the cover

So it does matter, because the schema, and the port number which actually selected by it, determines the way how the cluster configuration will be retrieved from the server. HTTP in particular will select 8091 and configuration will be delivered via chunked HTTP connection, COUCHBASE will use binary protocol and more preferred.