Index is not covered when array is used in where clause - Couchbase 4.5

I have a Couchbase(4.5) bucket my-data

Document structure
{
_class: “com.dom.Activity”,
depId: 984,
dayIds: [17896, 17897, 17898],
startTime: 10,
endTime: 20
}

Index
CREATE INDEX idx_dep_day ON my-data(depId, distinct array i for i in dayIds end, , meta().id) WHERE _class = “com.dom.Activity” and startTime is not null and endTime is not null;

Query-1
select meta(b).id from
my-data b use index (idx_dep_day)where _class= ‘com.dom.Activity’ and depId = 984
and any i in dayIds satisfies i = 17896 end and startTime is not null and
meta().id > ‘Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1’ and endTime is not null limit 80000

Explain-1
[
{
“plan”: {
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “DistinctScan”,
“scan”: {
#operator”: “IndexScan”,
“index”: “idx_dep_day”,
“index_id”: “53398c61c49ae09a”,
“keyspace”: “my-data”,
“namespace”: “default”,
“spans”: [
{
“Range”: {
“High”: [
“984”,
“17896”
],
“Inclusion”: 2,
“Low”: [
“984”,
“17896”,
"“Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1"”
]
}
}
],
“using”: “gsi”
}
},
{
#operator”: “Fetch”,
“as”: “b”,
“keyspace”: “my-data”,
“namespace”: “default”
},
{
#operator”: “Parallel”,
“~child”: {
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “Filter”,
“condition”: “(((((((b._class) = “com.dom.Activity”) and ((b.depId) = 984)) and any i in (b.dayIds) satisfies (i = 17896) end) and ((b.startTime) is not null)) and (“Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1” < (meta(b).id))) and ((b.endTime) is not null))”
},
{
#operator”: “InitialProject”,
“result_terms”: [
{
“expr”: “(meta(b).id)”
}
]
},
{
#operator”: “FinalProject”
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
#operator”: “Limit”,
“expr”: “80000”
}
]
},
“text”: “select meta(b).id from
my-data b use index (idx_dep_day)where _class= ‘com.dom.Activity’ and depId = 984
and any i in dayIds satisfies i = 17896 end and startTime is not null and
meta().id > ‘Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1’ and endTime is not null limit 80000”
}
]

But when I remove the array from the where clause
Query -2
select meta(b).id from
my-data b use index (idx_dep_day)where _class= ‘com.dom.Activity’ and depId = 984
and startTime is not null and
meta().id > ‘Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1’ and endTime is not null limit 80000

Explain-2
[
{
“plan”: {
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “DistinctScan”,
“scan”: {
#operator”: “IndexScan”,
“covers”: [
“cover ((b.depId))”,
“cover ((distinct (array i for i in (b.dayIds) end)))”,
“cover ((meta(b).id))”,
“cover ((meta(b).id))”
],
“filter_covers”: {
“cover (((b.endTime) is not null))”: true,
“cover (((b.startTime) is not null))”: true,
“cover ((b._class))”: “com.dom.Activity”
},
“index”: “idx_dep_day”,
“index_id”: “53398c61c49ae09a”,
“keyspace”: “my-data”,
“namespace”: “default”,
“spans”: [
{
“Range”: {
“High”: [
“successor(984)”
],
“Inclusion”: 1,
“Low”: [
“984”
]
}
}
],
“using”: “gsi”
}
},
{
#operator”: “Parallel”,
“~child”: {
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “Filter”,
“condition”: “(((((cover ((b._class)) = “com.dom.ActivityImpl”) and (cover ((b.depId)) = 984)) and cover (((b.startTime) is not null))) and (“Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1” < cover ((meta(b).id)))) and cover (((b.endTime) is not null)))”
},
{
#operator”: “InitialProject”,
“result_terms”: [
{
“expr”: “cover (meta(b).id)”
}
]
},
{
#operator”: “FinalProject”
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
#operator”: “Limit”,
“expr”: “80000”
}
]
},
“text”: “select meta(b).id from
my-data b use index (idx_dep_day)where _class= ‘com.dom.Activity’ and depId = 984
and startTime is not null and
meta().id > ‘Activity-a65e7e616f21e4c6d7b7bccbfd154da1’ and endTime is not null limit 80000”
}
]

Why can’t I get the index covering when I use the dayIds array in the where clause?

You must include the array as scalar index key (preferably at the end). Some cases CB 4.6.x supports Implicit covered array index https://docs.couchbase.com/server/current/n1ql/n1ql-language-reference/indexing-arrays.html#implicit-covered-array-index

CREATE INDEX  `idx_dep_day`  ON  `my-data` ( `depId` , distinct array  `i`  for  `i`  in  `dayIds`  end, meta().id, `dayIds` ) 
WHERE  `_class`  = “com.dom.Activity” and  `startTime`  is not null and  `endTime`  is not null;

Hi @vsr1 thanks for the reply. I tried your suggestion and covering is working now.
Now, I have a new problem.
Please take a look at my query and new explain result

Index
CREATE INDEXidx_dep_dayONmy-data(depId,(distinct (arrayiforiindayIdsend)),(meta().id),dayIds) WHERE (((_class= "com.dom.Activity") and (startTimeis not null)) and (endTimeis not null))

Query
explain select meta(b).id from
my-data b use index (idx_dep_day)where _class= ‘com.dom.Activity’ and depId = 984
and any i in dayIds satisfies i = 17896 end and startTime is not null and
meta().id > ‘Activity-2’ and endTime is not null limit 80000

Result
[
{
“plan”: {
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “DistinctScan”,
“scan”: {
#operator”: “IndexScan”,
“covers”: [
“cover ((b.depId))”,
“cover ((distinct (array i for i in (b.dayIds) end)))”,
“cover ((meta(b).id))”,
“cover ((b.dayIds))”,
“cover ((meta(b).id))”
],
“filter_covers”: {
“cover (((b.endTime) is not null))”: true,
“cover (((b.startTime) is not null))”: true,
“cover ((b._class))”: “com.dom.Activity”
},
“index”: “idx_dep_day”,
“index_id”: “cb0adb18bf0f081f”,
“keyspace”: “test”,
“namespace”: “default”,
“spans”: [
{
“Range”: {
“High”: [
“984”,
“17896”
],
“Inclusion”: 2,
“Low”: [
“984”,
“17896”,
"“Activity-2"”
]
}
}
],
“using”: “gsi”
}
},
{
#operator”: “Parallel”,
“~child”: {
#operator”: “Sequence”,
“~children”: [
{
#operator”: “Filter”,
“condition”: “((((((cover ((b._class)) = “com.dom.Activity”) and (cover ((b.depId)) = 984)) and any i in cover ((b.dayIds)) satisfies (i = 17896) end) and cover (((b.startTime) is not null))) and (“Activity-2” < cover ((meta(b).id)))) and cover (((b.endTime) is not null)))”
},
{
#operator”: “InitialProject”,
“result_terms”: [
{
“expr”: “cover ((meta(b).id))”
}
]
},
{
#operator”: “FinalProject”
}
]
}
}
]
},
{
#operator”: “Limit”,
“expr”: “80000”
}
]
},
“text”: “select meta(b).id from\ntest b use index (idx_dep_day)where _class= ‘com.dom.Activity’ and depId = 984\nand any i in dayIds satisfies i = 17896 end and startTime is not null and\nmeta().id > ‘Activity-2’ and endTime is not null limit 80000”
}
]

The whole query is covered by the index except the limit.
Why is the limit not pushed down to the index? What can I do to make it happen? I really want the limit to be pushed down.

Limit can’t be pushed, There are lot of preconditions must be satisfied before certain optimizations can be taken those are not possible for query and index combinations. Without Limit pushdown the query plan optimal.

https://blog.couchbase.com/n1ql-practical-guide-second-edition/
https://blog.couchbase.com/create-right-index-get-right-performance/
https://blog.couchbase.com/offset-keyset-pagination-n1ql-query-couchbase/

Ok @vsr1. Thank you for the answer.